How are the votes counted?

The votes are counted dynamically based on current balance. They get finalised (or frozen) at the snapshot block.

Here's an example:

At the time you vote you hold 400 ADX-LOYALTY tokens. Before the end of the vote you spend 200 out of the 400 ADX-LOYALTY tokens - the votes will update to count your vote as 200 rather than the original 400 you voted with.

Similarly, if you incur more ADX-LOYALTY then the weight of your vote grows near real time.

Keep in mind that for your vote to count, you have to keep your ADX-LOYALTY in your wallet until the snapshot block of the given proposal.